Automobile automatic gear can be said to be the favorite of the majority of female car owners, because the automatic gearbox can automatically shift according to the speed of the engine, and the female drivers with poor driving skills can also fully drive the automatic gear.

　　不過很多車主們對于車輛自動變速箱的保養(yǎng)維護知識卻知之甚少，開車過程中不注意維護保養(yǎng)，變速箱很容易發(fā)生故障。

　　However, many car owners know little about the maintenance of the automatic gearbox. They don't pay attention to the maintenance during driving, so the gearbox is prone to failure.

　　自動變速箱一旦出現(xiàn)問題維修起來也是非常麻煩，小編總結(jié)了變速箱的7大故障，個個都是很棘手的問題！

　　Once there are problems in the automatic gearbox, it is also very troublesome to repair. The small editor summarizes the seven major faults of the gearbox, all of which are very difficult problems!

　　1、汽車不能行駛

　　1. The car cannot be driven

　　故障情況：無論將換擋桿位于倒擋還是前進擋，汽車都不能行駛；又或者冷車起動后汽車能行駛一小段路程，但熱車狀態(tài)下汽車不能行駛。

　　Fault condition: no matter the shift lever is in reverse gear or forward gear, the car can't drive; or the car can drive a short distance after cold start, but the car can't drive in hot state.

　　遇到這樣的情況可能是：自動變速箱漏油嚴重，嚴重缺油；進油濾網(wǎng)堵塞；主油路嚴重泄漏；油泵損壞；換擋桿和手動閥搖臂之間的連桿或拉索松脫，手動閥保持在空擋或停車擋位置。

　　It may be that the automatic gearbox has serious oil leakage and serious oil shortage; the oil inlet screen is blocked; the main oil circuit has serious leakage; the oil pump is damaged; the connecting rod or cable between the shift lever and the rocker arm of the manual valve is loose, and the manual valve is kept in the neutral or parking position.

　　2、起步或行駛有沖擊

　　2. Impact when starting or driving

　　故障情況：在起步時或行駛中、加速時汽車有明顯的沖擊感。

　　Fault condition: the car has obvious impact when starting, driving and accelerating.

　　造成這樣故障的原因可能是：發(fā)動機怠速過高；節(jié)氣門拉索或節(jié)氣門位置傳感器調(diào)整不當，使主油路油壓過高；主油路調(diào)壓閥有故障，使主油路油壓過高；換擋執(zhí)行元件打滑；油壓電磁閥不工作；電腦有故障。

　　The causes of such faults may be: the engine idling speed is too high; the throttle cable or throttle position sensor is not adjusted properly, so that the main oil circuit oil pressure is too high; the main oil circuit pressure regulating valve is faulty, so that the main oil circuit oil pressure is too high; the shift actuator is slipping; the oil pressure solenoid valve is not working; the computer is faulty.

　　3、入檔遲、入檔死、入檔沖擊

　　3. Late gear in, dead gear in and impact gear in

　　故障情況：測試入檔標準是啟動引擎、怠速、踩住剎車、入檔，正常的的情況是1－1.2秒的時間內(nèi)有入檔的感覺、放開剎車踏板，在不踩油門踏板的情況下車輛會慢慢起步并逐步提取到10－20公里/小時的車速，這是正常的入檔標準，如果入檔后超過2秒鐘以上即定位入檔延遲，這種情況需要立即檢修。

　　Fault condition: the test gear in standard is to start the engine, idle, step on the brake, and shift in. The normal condition is to feel the gear in within 1-1.2 seconds and release the brake pedal. Without stepping on the accelerator pedal, the vehicle will slowly start and gradually pick up the speed of 10-20 km / h, which is the normal gear in standard. If it is more than 2 seconds after shift in, it will be positioned Gear delay, which requires immediate maintenance.

　　如果入檔有強烈的沖擊感覺即定位入檔沖擊，需要說明的是任何的自動變速箱入檔都有一定程度的沖擊感覺，如果絲毫的感覺都沒有，反而說明內(nèi)部有故障，但這個沖擊比較大是不能夠接受的，而引發(fā)的這個問題的原因就很復雜而且包括除了變速箱以外的很多方面。

　　If there is a strong sense of impact in gear shifting, i.e. positioning impact, it needs to be explained that any automatic transmission has a certain degree of impact in gear shifting. If there is no sense of impact, it means that there is an internal fault, but the impact is relatively large, which is unacceptable. The causes of this problem are very complex and include many aspects except the gearbox 。

　　入檔死火的情況是入檔時引擎會死火，這種問題在冷車時比較明顯，引發(fā)這個問題有變速箱的問題也有其他車身系統(tǒng)的問題。

　　In case of dead fire in gear, the engine will be dead in gear. This kind of problem is obvious when the car is cold. There are transmission problems and other body system problems that cause this problem.

　　4、車輛跑不起

　　4. The vehicle cannot run

　　故障情況：車輛跑不起包括沒有高速，即無論如何行駛，車輛都不能達到100公里/小時個速段。提速很慢，即油門踩的很重但車輛還是慢慢提速，反應很差、缺乏酣暢的感覺，這種情況又包括引擎提速慢，即發(fā)動機的轉(zhuǎn)速上不來和轉(zhuǎn)速上得很快但車速不快這兩種情況。

　　Fault condition: the vehicle can't run, including no high speed, that is, the vehicle can't reach 100 km / h in any case. The acceleration is very slow, that is to say, the accelerator is heavily stepped on but the vehicle is still slowly speeding up, with poor response and lack of sound feeling. This situation also includes the slow acceleration of the engine, that is, the engine speed is not up and the speed is very fast but the speed is not fast.

　　所以這是個非常復雜的問題，正常的測試標準是車輛起步、適當踩加速踏板，引擎轉(zhuǎn)速平穩(wěn)提升，車輛加速，一般在2500轉(zhuǎn)左右，車速在25－30公里之間，自動變速箱進入一換檔，引擎的轉(zhuǎn)速在適當回落后逐步回升，同時車速明顯加快，在車輛40公里時二次換檔，變速箱在進入三檔后，車速會進一步加快，在60公里的速段上會進入變速箱的高檔位，整個過程引擎在升檔的過程會適當回落后再次提起，無空轉(zhuǎn)、無打滑現(xiàn)象。

　　So this is a very complex problem. The normal test standard is to start the vehicle and step on the accelerator pedal properly. The engine speed rises steadily. The vehicle accelerates. Generally, the engine speed is around 2500 rpm, and the vehicle speed is between 25-30 km. The automatic gearbox enters the first gear shift. The engine speed rises gradually after the engine speed falls back properly. At the same time, the vehicle speed increases obviously. When the vehicle is 40 km, the second gear shift changes After entering the third gear, the speed of the gearbox will be further accelerated, and it will enter the high gear of the gearbox at the speed of 60 km. During the whole process, the engine will be lifted again after appropriately falling back during the upshift, without idling or slipping.

　　一般引擎排量位2.0左右排量的車輛平穩(wěn)行駛的情況下，引擎2500－3000轉(zhuǎn)時車速可以達到100公里的時速，如需要進一步提升車速，引擎轉(zhuǎn)速需要同步增加。如果引擎加油很悶、不順暢一般說明引擎需要檢修，如果引擎加速有力則說明變速箱內(nèi)部檔位不對、離合器燒毀、變鈕器出現(xiàn)機械故障等。

　　Generally, when the vehicle with engine displacement of about 2.0 drives smoothly, the speed of the engine can reach 100 km / h at 2500-3000 rpm. If the speed needs to be further improved, the engine speed needs to be increased synchronously. If the oil filling of the engine is very stuffy and not smooth, it generally indicates that the engine needs to be overhauled. If the engine accelerates strongly, it indicates that the internal gear of the gearbox is not correct, the clutch is burnt, and the mechanical failure of the button changer, etc.

　　5、引擎空轉(zhuǎn)

　　5. Engine idling

　　引擎空轉(zhuǎn)一般發(fā)生在兩種情況：

　　Engine idling generally occurs in two situations:

　　一是在車輛在平穩(wěn)種突然出現(xiàn)引擎空轉(zhuǎn)的現(xiàn)象，在車速慢下來又恢復正常，這種情況一般說明變速箱在短的時間內(nèi)突然從高檔位降為低檔位，問題有可能處在控制系統(tǒng)或者散熱系統(tǒng)上，變速箱本身沒有問題。

　　One is that the engine suddenly idles when the vehicle is in a stable state, and then returns to normal when the speed slows down, which generally means that the gearbox suddenly drops from high gear to low gear in a short time. The problem may lie in the control system or the heat dissipation system, and the gearbox itself has no problem.

　　二是在加速的過程中或者在換檔的過程中出現(xiàn)短暫的打滑空轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象，直觀的感覺是后者沒有前者那么厲害，實際上確實恰恰相反，后者的問題多半處在變速箱內(nèi)的離合器等相關環(huán)節(jié)上，處理起來要對變速箱進行徹底解體檢修，時間成本消耗都要比前者多出許多。

　　Second, there is a short slip and idling phenomenon in the process of acceleration or shift. The intuitive feeling is that the latter is not as severe as the former, but it is actually the opposite. Most of the problems of the latter lie in the clutch and other relevant links in the gearbox. When dealing with them, the gearbox needs to be completely disassembled and overhauled, and the time cost consumption is much more than the former.

　　6、行駛中引擎轉(zhuǎn)速高

　　6. High engine speed during driving

　　這個問題也包括平穩(wěn)行駛中一直轉(zhuǎn)速高和提速過程中轉(zhuǎn)速兩種情況：

　　This problem also includes two situations: high speed during smooth driving and high speed during acceleration:

　　一、平穩(wěn)過程中轉(zhuǎn)速高，這種情況比較容易測試，比方一部引擎排量2.0的車輛平時在2600轉(zhuǎn)即可車速達到100公里，如果一段時間經(jīng)常需要3000轉(zhuǎn)或更多方可以達到100公里，則說明有故障，一般這種故障是由于變速箱高速檔失效或者變鈕器內(nèi)部鎖止離合器失效引起的，需要立即檢修變速箱。

　　1. The speed is high in the stable process, which is easy to test. For example, a vehicle with engine displacement of 2.0 can reach 100 km at 2600 rpm. If it often needs 3000 rpm or more for a period of time to reach 100 km, it means there is a fault. Generally, this fault is caused by the failure of high-speed gear of the transmission or the failure of internal locking clutch of the converter, The transmission needs to be serviced immediately.

　　二、提速過程中轉(zhuǎn)速高，這個故障測試有點復雜，因為在提速過程中，引擎的轉(zhuǎn)速的上升同加速踏板有者密切的關聯(lián)，比方一部正常的帕撒特在小油門的情況引擎一般體速到2500轉(zhuǎn)即可把車輛加速起來，但在全油門的情況引擎會提升到5500－6000轉(zhuǎn)，如此巨大的反差是由于變速箱的電子控制系統(tǒng)的模糊邏輯來控制，所以這個標準需要一定的水準方可完成。

　　2. The speed is high in the process of acceleration. This fault test is a bit complicated because the engine speed rise is closely related to the accelerator pedal. For example, in the case of a normal Passat with a small throttle, the engine can speed up the vehicle at a speed of 2500 rpm, but in the case of a full throttle, the engine will rise to 5500-6000 rpm. Such a huge contrast is that Because of the fuzzy logic control of the electronic control system of the gearbox, this standard needs a certain professional level to be completed.

　　7、變速器異響

　　7. Abnormal noise of transmission

　　故障情況：異常響聲在維修行業(yè)稱為異響。在汽車運轉(zhuǎn)過程中，常見自動變速器內(nèi)有異響聲、汽車行駛中自動變速器有異響，停車掛檔后異響消失。

　　Fault condition: abnormal sound is called abnormal sound in maintenance industry. In the process of vehicle operation, there are common abnormal noises in the automatic transmission, and in the process of vehicle driving, the abnormal noises disappear after the vehicle is stopped and put into gear.

　　原因主要有四個：

　　There are four main reasons:

　　1、油泵因磨損過甚或自動變速器油面高度過低、過高而產(chǎn)生異響；

　　1. The oil pump makes abnormal noise due to excessive wear or the oil level of automatic transmission is too low or too high;

　　2、液力變矩器因鎖止離合器、導輪單向超越離合器等損壞而產(chǎn)生異響；

　　2. The hydraulic torque converter makes abnormal noise due to the damage of the lock up clutch, one-way overrunning clutch of guide wheel, etc;

　　3、行星齒輪機構(gòu)異響；

　　3. The planetary gear mechanism makes abnormal noise;

　　4、換檔執(zhí)行元件異響。

　　4. The shift actuator makes abnormal noise.

　　相應的解決方法：

　　Corresponding solutions:

　　1、檢查自動變速器油油面高度。若太高或太低，應調(diào)整至正確高度。

　　1. Check the oil level of automatic transmission. If it is too high or too low, adjust it to the correct height.

　　2、應舉升器將汽車升起，起動發(fā)動機，在空檔、前進檔、倒檔等狀態(tài)下檢查自動變速器產(chǎn)生異響的部位和時刻。

　　2. Lift the car with a lifter, start the engine, and check the position and time when the automatic transmission makes abnormal noise in neutral, forward, reverse and other states.

　　3、若在任何檔位下自動變速器前部始終有連續(xù)的異響，通常為油泵或液力變矩器異響，對此，應拆檢自動變速器，檢查油泵有無磨損、液力變矩器內(nèi)有無大量摩擦粉末。如有異常，應更換油泵或液力變矩器。

　　3. If there is continuous abnormal sound at the front of the automatic transmission in any gear, it is usually the abnormal sound of the oil pump or the hydraulic torque converter. For this, the automatic transmission shall be disassembled and inspected to see whether the oil pump is worn or there is a large amount of friction powder in the hydraulic torque converter. In case of any abnormality, replace the oil pump or hydraulic torque converter.

　　4、若自動變速器只有在行駛中才有異響，空檔時無異響，則為行星齒輪機構(gòu)異響。對此，應分解自動變速器，檢查行星齒輪機構(gòu)各個零件有無磨損痕跡、齒輪有無斷裂，單向超越離合器有無磨損、卡滯，軸承或止推墊片有無損壞。如有異常，應予以更換。

　　4. If the automatic transmission makes abnormal noise only during driving and there is no abnormal noise in neutral, it is the abnormal noise of planetary gear mechanism. In this regard, the automatic transmission should be disassembled to check whether all parts of the planetary gear mechanism are worn, whether the gear is broken, whether the one-way overrunning clutch is worn or stuck, and whether the bearing or thrust gasket is damaged. In case of any abnormality, it shall be replaced.